Resistance training for youth athletes has many benefits for health & performance in the short and long term
A proper Long Term Athletic Development Model should utilize resistance training to the athletes advantage to keep the athlete healthy during sport & improve performance
Resistance training also develops physiological capabilities that will benefit the athletes physical performance in sport
Sport skills are just as important, but together RT & playing sports helps build a complete athlete
Resistance Training can have effects on muscular strength, power, & endurance as shown in a review by Granacher et al. (2016)
A breakdown of resistance training on muscular strength, power, & endurance will be given below ⬇️
Muscular Strength - max force or tension muscles can produce
Force= mass • acceleration and sports require the production of force
Improving muscular strength also can benefit power & endurance as will be discussed later
Sander et al. (2013) examined effects of strength training over 2 years on max strength of lower extremities in kids aged <13, <15, & <17 - a RT group & control group
Max strength obviously improved in the RT group, but the largest improvement was in the youngest group!
Also of interest, free weight training proved the most effective training method in youth athletes compared to machines, functional training, or strictly plyometric training
This could be because of greater stabilization of the trunk & joints in greater ranges of motion
Muscular power = Force • Velocity
Produce great amounts of force at high velocities to maximize power output
The best way to maximize muscular power in youth athletes is through complex training which involves combining free weights & plyometrics (Lesinski et al., 2016)
Muscular Endurance - the ability to voluntarily generate repeated submaximal force output
Sports are based on repeated bouts of muscular output & resistance training allows the system to learn to apply a great enough magnitude of force over these extended periods of time
Strength, power, & endurance all play an important role in developing the physiological capabilities necessary to perform in sport
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